Fraunhofer-ISE
F-ISE will contribute within the project to WP3 by making use of its state-of-the-art infrastructure to process highly efficient large area nPERT cells with passivated TOPCon contacts with high TRL equipment and pilot line capabilities. ISE will work on nPERT cut-cells (1/4 size or smaller) with efficiencies >23.0%. ISE will use its advanced TLS laser systems for damage free wafer cutting and edge passivation by ALD or alternative methods. In WP4 Fraunhofer ISE will fabricate strings using cut-cells manufactured in WP3 and will benchmark various interconnection methods (shingling, multi-wire interconnection). In WP5, F-ISE will develop solar modules for residential/commercial use, BIPV and VIPV using standard and 3D laminators. New materials will be used to improve light trapping and reduce weight (for BIPV and VIPV modules). Multiple prototype modules will be fabricated for reliability testing in WP7 and outdoor demonstration in WP6. In WP7, F-ISE will be working on the characterization of edge losses and the modeling of cells to support WP3 activities.